"The dark web is accessed through specialized software and consists of private networks that communicate anonymously, including marketplaces that specialize in the sale of illicit goods and services (ElBahrawy et al. Citation2020; Kent Citation2020).
" In 2021, campus law enforcement agencies employed an average of 2.1 officers per 1,000 students, with agencies serving public institutions employing an average of 2.2 officers per 1,000 students, compared to an average of 1.8 per 1,000 in agencies serving private institutions.
" A lower percentage of campus law enforcement agencies serving public institutions (65%) than of those serving private institutions (84%) had 24-hour patrol coverage by uniformed sworn or nonsworn operations personnel at all times during the year.
" Nearly 1,300 campus law enforcement agencies employed about 17,600 full-time sworn officers and 25,000 full-time civilians at 4-year institutions serving 1,000 or more full-time students on the first day of the 2021–2022 academic year.
" In campus law enforcement agencies serving 4-year institutions with 1,000 or more students in 2021, about 82% of full-time sworn officers were male and 18% were female.
"The age-adjusted rate of drug overdose deaths in the United States decreased 4.0% from 2022 (32.6 deaths per 100,000 standard population) to 2023 (31.3) (Table).
"Harms related to methamphetamine use are a growing public health problem. In 2021, 1.6 million Americans met the criteria for stimulant use disorder (methamphetamine type), hereafter called methamphetamine use disorder (MUD; 1). Recent research indicates methamphetamine overdose mortality and patterns of risky use have increased in recent years, particularly for those with socioeconomic risk factors and comorbidities [1].
"In 2023, 12% of high school students had ever misused prescription opioids, defined as taking prescription pain medicine, such as codeine, Vicodin, OxyContin, Hydrocodone, or Percocet, without a doctor’s prescription or differently than how a doctor told them to use it. Female students were more likely than male students to have ever misused prescription opioids. White students were less likely than Black, Hispanic, and Multiracial students to have ever misused prescription opioids.
"In 2023, 10% of high school students had ever used certain illicit drugs (defined as cocaine, inhalants, heroin, methamphetamines, hallucinogens, or ecstasy). Black students were less likely than American Indian or Alaska Native, White, and Multiracial students to have ever used select illicit drugs. LGBTQ+ students were more likely than cisgender and heterosexual students to have ever used select illicit drugs."
"In 2023, 17% of high school students used marijuana during the past 30 days. Female students were more likely than male students to currently use marijuana. Asian students were less likely than students from most other racial and ethnic groups to currently use marijuana. LGBTQ+ students were more likely than cisgender and heterosexual students to currently use marijuana."
"In 2023, 22% of high school students drank alcohol during the past 30 days. Female students were more likely than male students to currently drink alcohol. Asian and Black students were less likely than Hispanic, White, and Multiracial students to currently drink alcohol. LGBTQ+ students were more likely than cisgender and heterosexual students to currently drink alcohol."
"Research has shown a shifting trend from injecting toward smoking opioids since 2020, especially along the West Coast (Kral et al., 2021, Parent et al., 2021, Kingston et al., 2022, Megerian et al., 2024,
